сам отвечу на свой вопрос
https://www.yu.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_sr/vize.html#stranciThe Embassy of Japan in Belgrade does not accept Visa applications from those who are temporary visitors such as tourists, short-term business travelers and foreigners transiting in the Republic of Serbia or Montenegro. Foreign nationals with temporary or permanent resident permit in the Republic of Serbia or Montenegro, who requires visa, can apply for Visa at our Embassy. Non-residents of the Republic of Serbia or Montenegro who require visas to enter Japan must obtain their visas at a Consulate or Embassy of Japan in their home countries. Please contact the Embassy of Japan in Belgrade for information on procedure.
явных требований не указано, лишь бы был temporary or permanent resident permit